Before an earthquake, there may be an increase in the number of smaller earthquakes or tremors in the region.
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The land may show signs of deformation, such as cracks in the ground or tilting of trees, buildings, or infrastructure. These deformations can occur as a result of stress building up before an earthquake.
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Geological features, such as changes in the flow or color of springs, the release of gases, or the appearance of new cracks in the earth's surface, can be indicators of seismic activity.
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Animals can often sense changes in the environment before humans do. Strange behaviour in animals, such as birds flying erratically or domestic pets acting agitated, can sometimes indicate an impending earthquake.
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Prior to an earthquake, there may be sudden changes in the water levels of wells, springs, or groundwater reservoirs. This could be due to the shifting of underground tectonic plates.
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Fluctuations in the Earth's magnetic field or unusual electric currents can occur before an earthquake. These disturbances can affect electrical systems and devices.
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Sometimes, smaller earthquakes called foreshocks precede a larger earthquake event. These foreshocks can provide an indication that a larger seismic event is imminent.
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